How Do I Define Physical Properties in Chemistry?

How Do I Define Physical Properties in Chemistry?When it comes to getting to the bottom of how molecules are defined in chemistry, you have to understand that there are many factors that go into the process. It's all a matter of determining which is best for the process. What do I mean by that?You see, the 'chemical bonding' of an atom or molecule is one thing, and the other is the state of one particular chemical bonding. While one can use the ordinary measure of mass to determine what these are, for convenience and ease, 'electrons' will usually be used. The terms 'mass'electron mass' are sometimes used interchangeably, but are actually distinct concepts. Let's try and understand them.For example, when you're taking an electron from one atom to another, it is a reaction that is 'membrane dependent'. It is a matter of the 'chemical bonds' of the atoms being broken down and the electrons flowing between them, without losing their electron. So the number of electrons flowing will dete rmine how long the reaction takes, as well as the amount of time the reaction takes. It's not really necessary to 'calculate' this - just take a good look at the mass of the molecule and the size of the molecules involved, and you'll know what the properties of the bonds are.If you were to try and calculate chemical bonds by looking at the 'electron mass'mass electron density' of the molecules involved, you might come up with something like 'one mass electron ' for molecules with no large single atoms or long chains of atoms, and 'two masses electrons ' for those with a large number of larger atoms. This could vary quite a bit, depending on how thick the chain of atoms is.Mass electron density can also be defined as being the number of electrons per pound of molecular weight. If you consider some of the larger molecules with lots of atoms, such as water molecules, this might be accurate, as is the case for molecules containing a certain fraction of hydrogen ions.If you look at the r atio of electronegativity to mass and look at the electrical charge of the ion, you will be able to determine whether or not the ions are ionized. How do I know that they are ionized? Well, because the electrons don't want to go where they belong, they just continue to move around randomly.The moment one 'electron' is added to another, the charge of the ion drops. In this way, the entire structure of the system, the components, the atoms and molecules, the chemical bonding, and the chemical reaction are defined.

5 Things to Do the Summer Before Business School

5 Things to Do the Summer Before Business School Prospective business school students may decide to pursue an MBA for many reasons. Some wish to deepen their knowledge of the business world, while others may see business school as an opportunity to advance within their companies. Here are 5 tips that can help you to ace your business school interviewif you do decide to pursure your MBA. Whatever your reason is for obtaining an MBA, here are five things to do the summer before business school. These tasks can help you maximize the return of your degree, as well as help you begin business school on the right foot: 1. Draft well-defined career goals Do you already know what type of employment you hope to secure after you earn your MBA? Or are you hoping to cross that bridge later on? If you do not know what you would like to do after business school, now is the time to carefully brainstorm define your goals, and consider how completing your MBA will help you achieve them. With well-articulated goals, you can leverage your MBA training by choosing the right concentration to achieve them. 2. Prepare to network Did you know that there is a correlation between the members of your networking circle and the types of opportunities that you are exposed to? Once you have well-articulated career goals, you can focus on building a circle that will yield the opportunitiesthat you are interested in. Networking is also a very potent learning tool, as you are able to learn from people with whom you share similar interests, thus increasing your knowledge about your preferred business field.Before business schoolbegins, read about group interaction techniques so you can avoid talking too much or too little during group sessions, which are an integral part of MBA programs. Also learn more about the alumni at your business school. These individuals may be able or willing to offer you valuable academic and career advice in the future. These 3 tips may also helo you prepare for the business school transition. 3. Practice your public speaking skills In business school, you will likely give numerous presentations, some of which may be worth a large percentage of your grade. You can read as many articles about public speaking as you like, but nothing is as effective as practice. The summer before business school begins, seek out ways to speak publically. For instance, you can try looking for a local public speaking club or contact a public speaking tutor. 4. Exercise You have perhaps had some of your best ideas while you were in a good mood. In fact, a good mood is often correlated with creative thinking. Exercise may improve your mood, which can thus boost your creativity. Reading and analyzing different case studies as well as developing better solutions to existing problems are important parts of business school, and making exercise part of your schedule may be beneficial for this reason. It can also increase your energy and confidence. 5. Review basic concepts There are few things more annoying than reading a case study and stumbling mid-document because you do not understand a minor concept. These steps may help you identify your best study style. Spend part of the summer before business school studying a great investment of your time is a thorough review of basic concepts in related academic fields and relevant computer programs.

Aviation English Classes English Mandatory at Airports this Year

Aviation English Classes English Mandatory at Airports this Year On March, 5 2011, pilots and air traffic controllers working at international airports will be required to pass the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) English exam with a score of 4 or better (find a definition of the ICAO scores here). LOI English is now offering aviation English classes to help pilots and air traffic controllers prepare for the test.To pass with a 4, a fairly high level of English fluency is required. As of now, pilots and air traffic controllers must be able to speak English upon request, but as of March, English will be the universal language at all international airports. Over the years, there have apparently been a number of communication errors that have caused accidents or near-accidents at airports. Having a universal language requirement at all international airports should help prevent airport communication problems.The YouTube video below captures a misunderstanding between a Swiss pilot and a Russian air traffic controller, and illustrates the need for a common language at international airports. Wayne Farley That video is a great reminder to us of the dangers of not being proficient in English in aviation. Let us strive to make aviation safer. Simon Rance It also shows that delaying measures, such as certifying a certain level of english for all pilots/controllers during 18 months (as is expected in Spain) only serves to place shame upon the certifiers, who prove no respect for ICAO or other safety measure setting institutions. It also addresses the very serious need for service providers to establish a comprehensive and thorough english re-training programme for their employees.

GRE Word of the Day 2.1.2012

GRE Word of the Day 2.1.2012 GRE/MAT Graduate School Blog Heterogeneous - {adjective} 1. Different in kind; unlike; incongruous. 2. Composed of parts of different kinds; having widely dissimilar elements or constituents: The party was attended by a heterogeneous group of artists, politicians, and social climbers. Synonyms: amalgamate, composite, confused, conglomerate, contrary, contrasted, different, discordant, discrepant, disparate, dissimilar, divergent, diverse, diversified, incongruous, independent, inharmonious, jumbled, mingled, mixed, mongrel, mosaic, motley, multifarious, multiplex, odd, opposed, unallied, unlike, unrelated, variant, varied, variegated Antonyms: homogeneous, identical, pure, single, unchanging, uniform Example Sentences: 1. The mosaic was composed of a heterogeneous mixture of glazed ceramic - many different sizes, shapes, and colors were present. 2. The heterogeneous composition of the judiciary committee resulted in a long and drawn out confirmation - no one could make a comment without starting a protracted argument.

Hurricane Sandy The Superstorm a Disaster or a Lesson to Learn

Hurricane Sandy The Superstorm a Disaster or a Lesson to Learn Nature was rigorous with the inhabitants of the eastern United States during last two weeks. Barely more than a week after monster hurricane Sandy hit the region a warning about another approaching storm, a northeaster, was announced. These disasters caused extensive damage, multiple fatalities, ground and air transportation outages, destroyed buildings and infrastructure. Millions of people in Northeast cities, especially New York and New Jersey, were left without power and means of travel to a halt. It will take years as well as huge human efforts and financial expenses to recover from the losses. However, that which does not kill us makes us stronger and it is important to draw lessons from any life experience. So what has the hurricane taught us? First of all, the hurricane is a strong reminder of the enormous power of nature and the limits of our capacities to control it. Modern people, particularly the residents of metropolises, got accustomed to living in comfort created by modern facilities and state-of-the-art technologies. But the safety may be deceptive. In spite of all the technical achievements nature represents a huge force that may sweep away the whole of civilization if the proper protective measures were not taken. The second lesson is that, whatever they say, sincere generosity, morality and humanism are still widespread in our society. There were numerous examples of mutual support, gratuitous aid and charity against the background of devastation caused by the storm. Although there were concerns about crime in darkened and ruined cities but in fact the crime rate declined during that period. Reuters reported that crime in New York City dropped by a third in the days after storm Sandy. Sure, certain merit in this belongs to  police that was stretched to the region hit by disaster but still One more important lesson is that in order to withstand consequences of hurricanes people had to become creative and to recall all their survival skills which were unclaimed in good times. Everyday life of a modern person also may be considered as a fight for survival but this battle usually takes place in classrooms and offices. People, left reeling in the aftermath of a storm, had to cope with massive flooding, power outages, structural damage and travel disruption which requires much more courage and strength than their usual mode of living. The residents of the East Coast have passed this hard test. They took the destruction in stride, stocked up on bottled water, canned food and flashlights, built barriers of sandbags for flood protection, used paddle boards and boats to move around flooded streets and found lots of other smart  solutions for hurricane-connected problems. Many business owners also managed to hold down in those critical conditions, they used headlamps while doing paperwork, bars and restaurants were serving drinks and food even though they have no power, some grocery stores also kept working. Because of destroyed  transport system the businesses lost an essential ingredient for functioning: employees and in order to continue operating had to invent alternative ways to deliver employees to their workplaces. Unfortunately natural disasters are inevitable. However, learning the lessons from past calamities, elaborate preparations and security arrangements, accurate information sharing and timely decision making are essential to avoid fatal losses and to bring life back to normal more quickly. TutorZ.com offers private tutors in medicine, nursing, psychology, sports, and many other subjects that may help to train survival skills in case of hurricane, flooding and other dangers of natural hazards. Hurricane Sandy The Superstorm a Disaster or a Lesson to Learn Nature was rigorous with the inhabitants of the eastern United States during last two weeks. Barely more than a week after monster hurricane Sandy hit the region a warning about another approaching storm, a northeaster, was announced. These disasters caused extensive damage, multiple fatalities, ground and air transportation outages, destroyed buildings and infrastructure. Millions of people in Northeast cities, especially New York and New Jersey, were left without power and means of travel to a halt. It will take years as well as huge human efforts and financial expenses to recover from the losses. However, that which does not kill us makes us stronger and it is important to draw lessons from any life experience. So what has the hurricane taught us? First of all, the hurricane is a strong reminder of the enormous power of nature and the limits of our capacities to control it. Modern people, particularly the residents of metropolises, got accustomed to living in comfort created by modern facilities and state-of-the-art technologies. But the safety may be deceptive. In spite of all the technical achievements nature represents a huge force that may sweep away the whole of civilization if the proper protective measures were not taken. The second lesson is that, whatever they say, sincere generosity, morality and humanism are still widespread in our society. There were numerous examples of mutual support, gratuitous aid and charity against the background of devastation caused by the storm. Although there were concerns about crime in darkened and ruined cities but in fact the crime rate declined during that period. Reuters reported that crime in New York City dropped by a third in the days after storm Sandy. Sure, certain merit in this belongs to  police that was stretched to the region hit by disaster but still One more important lesson is that in order to withstand consequences of hurricanes people had to become creative and to recall all their survival skills which were unclaimed in good times. Everyday life of a modern person also may be considered as a fight for survival but this battle usually takes place in classrooms and offices. People, left reeling in the aftermath of a storm, had to cope with massive flooding, power outages, structural damage and travel disruption which requires much more courage and strength than their usual mode of living. The residents of the East Coast have passed this hard test. They took the destruction in stride, stocked up on bottled water, canned food and flashlights, built barriers of sandbags for flood protection, used paddle boards and boats to move around flooded streets and found lots of other smart  solutions for hurricane-connected problems. Many business owners also managed to hold down in those critical conditions, they used headlamps while doing paperwork, bars and restaurants were serving drinks and food even though they have no power, some grocery stores also kept working. Because of destroyed  transport system the businesses lost an essential ingredient for functioning: employees and in order to continue operating had to invent alternative ways to deliver employees to their workplaces. Unfortunately natural disasters are inevitable. However, learning the lessons from past calamities, elaborate preparations and security arrangements, accurate information sharing and timely decision making are essential to avoid fatal losses and to bring life back to normal more quickly. TutorZ.com offers private tutors in medicine, nursing, psychology, sports, and many other subjects that may help to train survival skills in case of hurricane, flooding and other dangers of natural hazards.

Busuu Review Where the Program Gets an A+ and What Could Be Better

Busuu Review Where the Program Gets an A+ and What Could Be Better Busuu Review: Where the Program Gets an A+ and What Could Be Better I knew zero Spanish when I moved to Buenos Aires, Argentina. Zero.  But, I learned to speak (semi-)comfortably and landed at a C1 (advanced) level within three months.Hows that?I love old-school learning. Im a sucker for elevating my reading and writing skills with  classic literature  on free book apps like BookMigo,  listening to self-help audiobooks on Audible  and journaling (okay, maybe not so old school).Yet, while those tools were fantastic as I learned a new language, I desperately needed verbal practice. I picked up the Spanish accent, street lingo and fluidity by speaking to friends I met while living in the city and through daily tasks like buying groceries.Its the combination of reading, writing, listening  and  speaking that creates the comprehensive learning experience needed to retain a new language.The problem? Its been hard to replicate that digitally.Luckily, language apps are very accessible and easy to use. But, far too often I see someone race through levels that only focus on one skill. Or, the app tells them theyre at an intermediate level but the learner cant answer a simple question out loud.Busuu is trying to change that. Its one of the newest language apps to join the list of interactive programs that incorporate all of the language skills.Below, Ive put together a comprehensive review of Busuu. Let’s dive in. Busuu Review: Where the Program Gets an A+ and What Could Be BetterWhat Is Busuu?Busuu is a paid language learning app.  More than other apps, Busuu encourages your speaking skills by helping you to practice the language out loud with its  speech recognition tool.The app also has a strong focus on listening to dialogues, and it gets you involved in other learners journeys.Although theres a free version, it limits you to just one language, and most of the learning is done through digital flashcards. Digital flashcards are a very popular style of learning within language apps because theyre interactive, entertaining and move q uickly, which makes you feel like youre progressing. However, learning just with flashcards isn’t exactly comprehensive (which is crucial to learning something as difficult as a brand new language).Most of the benefits of the Busuu app lie in its paid Premium option. Prices range depending on the subscription, but the cost can still be less than if you were to pay for private lessons at a school. Plus, theres a seven-day money-back guarantee so you can try out the paid version to see if its something that would work for you.Busuu has an easy-to-use interface for its desktop version but, of course, you can also download the app for your iOS and Android devices to get started. Whether youre tackling French, German, Spanish or something else, you can take these handheld language lessons with you on the go.Busuu also provides offline lessons so you can download some extra practice and take it with you anywhere, anytime.How Does Busuu Work?You first choose a level (Beginner A1, Element ary A2, Intermediate B1, Upper Intermediate B2).Then, if youre using the free version, start learning with their flashcard system, which has vocabulary that includes pictures accompanied by small dialogues. Its pretty cool to be introduced to dialogue, even if you choose a beginner level, so you can get speaking right away.You can also begin by choosing what youre interested in learning, such as business, travel or culture. For example, I got started with an A1 level French lesson for travel because Ill only ever need French when I go to France. My very first lesson included introductions between two French speakers and moved on to ordering food. Thats exactly what I would need while traveling, so the ability to choose tailored lessons is a good perk.If youve purchased the monthly subscription, youll now get access to advanced grammar lessons and tailored content. Once youve got some practice in, you can even start speaking to other native speakers who also use the Busuu app.Who Is Busuu For?Anyone willing to give this app a try can benefit from it, but itll work best for a few certain types of profiles.On-the-go professionals.  If youre a busy person with only 10 minutes at a time, you can set the app to bite-sized lessons according to your exact schedule.Anyone who loves interactive apps.  The free version is fun and makes learning some simple phrases and words easy, so you can replace a mindless game with Busuu and not feel bored.Language learners who want some accountability.  You can set reminders during specific moments in your schedule that youve set aside for learning. These reminders are helpful without being too pushy.Anyone who wants to get better at speaking.  If you dont want to simply memorize grammar but you dont have access to a native speaker or youre too shy to speak with an online teacher, you can still get speaking practice by using Busuus speech recognition tool.For those who prefer learning on their computer.  Busuu has developed desktop learning, not just focusing on their apps. It has an excellent keyboard control system so you can easily move through lessons while at your computer.Where Busuu WinsCreate a Study Plan Thats Relevant to Your LifeYou get to choose grammar lessons based on your language goal (e.g., Complete French, French for Business, French for Travel, etc.). Other apps and even in-person classes rely on cringe-worthy content like “the apple is red” and Juanita is a woman to teach you grammar. Snooze.Any polyglot will tell you  that the content you learn should be relevant to your life and be filled with phrases you can actually use when speaking to someone.Busuu uses lessons ranging from What Are You Up to Tonight? to A Day at Home for general learning. A business study plan has lessons like Talking with Your Colleagues and Managing a Project. I give Busuu an A+ for providing hyper-relevant content in each lesson.On top of that, you can also choose which days and at what hour you want Busuu to ping you to learn. For example, you can set the app to remind you to study every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 6 p.m. with a 15-minute lesson. This ensures that you always have time for language learning!Learn Cultural TipsTell me, how many times have you said something you learned in your high school language class to a native speaker only to have this exchange with them:Native speaker: No, we dont say it like that.You: But thats what I learned in class.Native speaker: Well, we dont say that.Oops.  Textbooks and classes sometimes teach us formal, often outdated language.For instance, while practicing “hello” is very useful while learning English, we know that native English speakers hardly use it, as we have many variations for greeting someone during the day (hi, hiya, hey, etc.).Busuu understands this and offers useful cultural tips that help you learn when to say something and how to use it appropriately.For example, my beginner lesson in French told me, “To greet people during the day, we use bonjour  (good day, hello). After sunset (usually between 6 p.m. and 7 p.m.) we say bonsoir  (good evening).”Busuu offers tons of cultural tips (click on the lightbulb icon on each slide), so you can, as they say, avoid missteps while communicating.Build a Social CommunityBusuu has an entire tab dedicated to getting social on the app. You can find people who are native in your target language, which the app calls friends, and add them. The point of this is to be able to exchange messages with your new friends for them to review.Heres how that works: the app presents you with a small prompt, like a picture or a video, about which you can either write or speak. Your friends within the app and anyone within the app in your target language can reply to your written or verbal response to give you feedback! In my experience, they typically encourage you to write complete sentences and tell you how you can improve.Along the same line, youll start receiving message s from people in the app learning your native language, so you also have the chance to respond to their written or verbal responses. Its fun to give them a helping hand!Where Busuu Needs ImprovementLimited Language OptionsThere arent many languages available, and you only get to learn one in the free version. You must upgrade to get access to more than one language. That’s a bummer for people like me who want to learn French and Portuguese at the same time.At this time, Busuu currently only offers the following languages: Arabic, Chinese, French, English, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Russian, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish.Could Use More EntertainmentWhile I think their digital flashcards arent bad, this type of memorization makes it very easy to answer correctly without actually internalizing the language. Its easy to be lazy and quickly choose the correct answer using the process of elimination, like in an exam.Plus, after a while, this method may get tedious. While the r elevancy of Busuus lessons is great (general learning, business, travel, etc.), the app could better cater to people who like to learn with a bit more entertainmentâ€"you know, the many people who like to  learn through Netflix or listen to music.If thats more your learning style, then you may want to consider a different app, like FluentU.FluentU takes real-world videosâ€"like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talksâ€"and turns them into language learning experiences. The authentic videos feature native speakers, so you not only get pure entertainment but also language immersion.Plus, with FluentUs interactive subtitles, you can click on any word in a video to learn more about it and see it used in example sentences and other videos.There are also fun quizzes to test your knowledge and keep you entertained!You Can Receive Incorrect CorrectionsWhile Busuus social aspect is one of the best features that makes this app stand out, theres also nothing stopping people who arent native German speakers from correcting your German verbal recording, for example. All that person needs to do is include German in their profiles list of languages I know. This means that non-native English speakers can correct those learning English, and so on.The lack of strictness here downgrades what could arguably be Busuus best feature.On top of that, I see that most people opt to write their social responses as opposed to speaking them. It seems that many people on the app are still too shy to utilize the speech recognition tool, and thats a shame.Busuu Review Conclusion: Upgrade to Premium for the Best ExperienceAt the end of the day, I recommend Busuus paid version if youre serious about learning. The free version is fun, but there are better free apps out there.Busuu gains major points for trying harder than most to get you to practice speakingâ€"and speaking like a nativeâ€"although some improvements can still be made in that aspect.If you want a downloadable app wi th offline availability and interactive lessons, I recommend giving the paid subscription a chance. Just make sure your target language is available in their lesson bank first.And, be sure to make the most out of the social features by speaking, speaking, speaking at every chance you get!

Primary school pupils taught t`ai chi to combat exam stress - Tutor Hunt Blog

Primary school pupils taught t`ai chi to combat exam stress Primary school pupils taught t`ai chi to combat exam stress Primary school pupils taught t`ai chi to combat exam stressPrimary schoolsMy doctor recently recommended I join a gym, but when I visited my local health club all the activities looked a little too strenuous for my delicate constitution. I couldn`t imagine myself lifting weights, and all that running on treadmills looked like a lot of energy spent getting you nowhere. I was about to leave the building, already composing in my mind some excuse to tell the doctor, when I happened to pass a large, glass walled room. Seated on the floor of this room were a number of people, each of whom seemed to be performing some kind of breathing exercise. They all had their eyes closed, and appeared to be in a state of perfect tranquility. An instructor requested that they stand, and each of them began copying his movements, making gentle flowing motions with their arms, complimenting these actions by tracing their legs in small arcs. This looked like something I could get along with I thought. Asking a receptionist what the class was, I was informed it was T`ai Chi. Originally developed as a martial art back in the 13th century in China, it is now primarily employed as a health promoting exercise, and practiced around the world. Because of its graceful movements, and slow practiced routines, T`ai Chi puts minimal stress on the joints of the body. Because of this many people favour it over sports such as tennis or football, or activities like running, which can have gradual deleterious effect on the cartilage of the bones. The practice of tai chi is praised for improving circulation, while increasing muscle strength. It is hugely popular amongst all age groups, but especially in those aged over 65. If practiced properly it can improve general mobility, balance and posture, and there is even evidence that it can attenuate the symptoms of arthritis. Another benefit of T`ai Chi is reducing levels of stress. Many studies have shown that if undertaken regularly, the practice can reduce nervous tension and even lower blood pressure. Recently some schools have begun incorporating T`ai Chi classes into their weekly schedule, in order to reduce levels of stress amongst its pupils. The Chinese martial art is apparently in greatest demand during the run up to exams. The Snap Dragon T`ai Chi club has worked with `hundreds of schools and thousands of children throughout Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire South Yorkshire during the past 15 years,` according to its website. `Children are under pressure from parents, they pile stuff on them. But if they are anxious, they have no way to cope - nobody teaches you how to mitigate the stress and get rid of it all,` its owner Paul White has said. When I first heard about T`ai Chi being used to reduce levels of stress amongst pupils, I assumed this concerned sixth formers, or pupils preparing for their GCSE`s. Not so - apparently the majority of `in school` T`ai Chi lessons are for primary school children. Mr White teaches T`ai Chi mainly to school children aged between four to eleven, along with running a specialised course for Sats preparation. We have never put school children under so much exam pressure as we do today. I don`t believe I took a single serious exam before I went to secondary school, but now pupils have to face daunting tests from KS1 (starting at age 5) onwards. Amanda Spielman, the head of Ofsted, last month stated that schoolteachers are heightening exam stresses among their pupils, and `manufacturing anxiety.` She went on to say that teachers are `encouraging children to feel anxious,` and that exams are only a source of stress when `people make it so.`` In China, the country that introduced the world to T`ai Chi, it is a common event for pupils to practice the art form before lessons. But it is not used specifically as a way to treat anxiety - it`s not employed in a medicinal manner, to calm down stressed pupils. Instead of being introduced after a problem develops, it`s used as a preventative, with pupils performing the breathing exercises and movements before class begins, as a way of keeping them relaxed all day. 7 months ago0Add a Comment